Desenvolvimento e validação de um modelo de aprendizagem quântica baseado em jogos tradicionais para melhorar a literacia física em alunos do ensino básico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v69.116823Palavras-chave:
Literacia física, aprendizagem quântica, jogos tradicionais, Educação Física, ensino básicoResumo
Introdução: A literacia física é fundamental para o desenvolvimento integral dos alunos. No entanto, na Indonésia, a sua implementação no ensino primário continua limitada devido a conceções erradas dos professores, à falta de modelos pedagógicos inovadores e ao baixo envolvimento dos alunos nas atividades físicas.
Objectivo: Este estudo teve como objectivo elaborar e avaliar a viabilidade, a praticidade e a eficácia de um modelo de Aprendizagem Quântica que incorpora jogos tradicionais para melhorar a literacia física entre os alunos do ensino básico.
Metodologia: Foi utilizada uma abordagem de Investigação e Desenvolvimento (I&D), seguindo o modelo ADDIE. Os participantes incluíram alunos do quinto ano de seis escolas primárias do Distrito de Paseh, Regência de Bandung. Dois especialistas em design instrucional e dois especialistas no assunto conduziram o processo de validação. A eficácia do modelo foi testada em 34 alunos de duas escolas. A análise dos dados envolveu os testes V de Aiken, Alfa de Cronbach, testes t para amostras emparelhadas, pontuações de N-Gain e o teste U de Mann-Whitney.
Resultados: Os resultados da validação demonstraram um elevado nível de validade (V ≥ 0,894) e uma boa fiabilidade do instrumento (α > 0,80). A praticidade do modelo atingiu uma pontuação média de 94%. Os testes de eficácia mostraram uma melhoria significativa da literacia física no grupo experimental (p < 0,05), com um N-Gain de 0,53 (categoria moderada), superando o do grupo de controlo (0,30).
Discussão: A integração da estrutura de Aprendizagem Quântica com jogos tradicionais culturalmente enraizados promoveu experiências de aprendizagem em Educação Física (EF) ativas, prazerosas e contextualmente relevantes, alinhadas com as necessidades de desenvolvimento dos alunos e com a política Merdeka Belajar (Liberdade para Aprender).
Conclusões: O modelo desenvolvido revelou-se viável, prático e eficaz na melhoria da literacia física e promete ser amplamente adoptado em programas de educação física culturalmente responsivos.
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Direitos de Autor (c) 2025 Prayogi Nurfauzan, Guntur Guntur, Aris Fajar Pambudi , Ade Gusti Ningsih, Apriliana Nurulita Nur Fauzi , Andika Triansyah, Fatma Atik Mulyani, St. Nur Almaidah RS., Atina Atina, Maria Magdalena Sri Wahyuni, Arief Kuswidyanarko, Irene Maria Wato, Anna Mariyani, Hidayatul Hikmah, Amran Amran
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