Impacto de uma intervenção baseada em jogos na dor lombar crónica considerando a interferência da cinesiofobia em adultos de meia-idade e idosos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v72.117762Palavras-chave:
Dor lombar crónica, envolvimento cognitivo, gamificação, intervenção imersiva, cinesiofobia, jogos sériosResumo
Introdução: A dor lombar crónica (DLC) é uma condição prevalente entre adultos de meia-idade e idosos, causando impactos físicos, psicológicos e sociais. Intervenções inovadoras, como programas de exercício gamificado, podem melhorar a adesão e o envolvimento, além de reduzir a dor.
Objectivo: Este estudo pré e pós-experimental analisou o efeito de um jogo analógico (gamificação do exercício físico) na DLC e explorou como a cinesiofobia influencia o envolvimento e os resultados da dor em adultos de meia-idade e idosos.
Métodos: Vinte e cinco participantes (66,8 ± 13,5 anos; 76% mulheres) completaram quatro sessões do Jogo da Árvore, um jogo analógico estruturado de chão que combina desafios físicos, cognitivos e sociais. A intensidade da dor foi medida através da Escala Numérica de Dor (END) no início do estudo (T0), pós-intervenção (T1) e após um período sem intervenção (T2). O envolvimento e a concentração foram avaliados através de reflexões abertas após cada sessão. A cinesiofobia basal foi medida através da Escala de Tampa para a Cinesiofobia (TSK-13).
Resultados: A intensidade da dor diminuiu significativamente de T0 para T1 (6,9 ± 2,9 vs. 3,4 ± 2,9, p < 0,001) e manteve-se menor em T2 (4,6 ± 2,5, p < 0,001). O envolvimento evoluiu do desempenho da tarefa para a concentração cognitiva e interação competitiva/social, refletindo a imersão progressiva. Não foi encontrada qualquer interação significativa entre a cinesiofobia basal e os desfechos de dor.
Conclusões: O Jogo da Árvore reduziu eficazmente a intensidade da dor e promoveu o envolvimento cognitivo e social. Elementos melhorados do jogo e a imersão podem aumentar o envolvimento, apoiando as intervenções físicas gamificadas como uma estratégia multifacetada para a gestão da DLC em idosos.
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