Desenvolvimento e validação do Questionário de Atividade Física para Adultos com 65 ou Mais Anos (PAQ-EA): Uma ferramenta de Avaliação Abrangente

Autores

  • Pau Ferrer-Ramos Department of Health Sciences, TecnoCampus, Research Group in Technology Applied to High Performance and Health, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Mataró (Spain). Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences, Blanquerna, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona (Spain).
  • Noemí Serra-Payá Campus Docent Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC), C/ Sant Benito Menni, 18-20, 08830, Sant Boi de Llobregat (Spain).
  • Manuel V. Garnacho-Castaño Campus Docent Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC), C/ Sant Benito Menni, 18-20, 08830, Sant Boi de Llobregat (Spain).
  • Marcos Faundez-Zanuy Tecnocampus, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (Spain).
  • Mateu Serra-Prat Research Unit, Consorci Sanitari del Maresme (Spain). Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Spain).
  • Elisabet Palomera Research Unit, Consorci Sanitari del Maresme (Spain).
  • Montserrat Girabent-Farrés Campus Docent Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC), C/ Sant Benito Menni, 18-20, 08830, Sant Boi de Llobregat (Spain).

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v74.116558

Palavras-chave:

Estilo de vida ativo, idosos, envelhecimento saudável, met, fiabilidade teste-reteste

Resumo

Introdução: A atividade física é essencial para um envelhecimento saudável, pois reduz riscos como a sarcopenia, a fragilidade, as doenças crónicas e melhora o bem-estar. No entanto, existem poucos instrumentos validados que avaliem de forma abrangente os padrões de atividade física em adultos com mais de 65 anos, especialmente em contextos sociais e familiares.

Objectivo: Desenvolver e validar o Questionário de Actividade Física para Idosos (PAQ-EA).

Metodologia: O PAQ-EA foi elaborado através do método Delphi com um painel de oito especialistas. O questionário é composto por nove itens que avaliam a atividade física em diferentes intensidades e domínios, incluindo o comportamento sedentário. A fiabilidade foi analisada numa amostra de 140 participantes (idade média de 79,6 ± 5,6 anos) através de um teste-reteste, utilizando coeficientes de correlação intraclasse. Para avaliar a validade de constructo, os escores foram comparados com testes de desempenho físico.

Resultados: O PAQ-EA demonstrou uma fiabilidade de boa a excelente. Foram encontradas correlações significativas entre os escores do questionário e o desempenho físico, com maior tempo sedentário associado a pior desempenho funcional.

Discussão: O PAQ-EA demonstrou boa validade e fiabilidade, avaliando também a atividade em contextos social, familiar e solitário. Foram identificadas menores intensidades para as atividades familiares e sociais, embora relevantes para o bem-estar. A inclusão do tempo sedentário e das atividades diárias básicas fortalece a sua ligação com a prevenção do declínio funcional nos idosos.

Conclusão: O PAQ-EA é um instrumento válido e fiável para avaliar a atividade física em idosos, incorporando contextos-chave.

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Publicado

23-10-2025

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Artigos de caráter científico: trabalhos de pesquisas básicas e/ou aplicadas.

Como Citar

Ferrer-Ramos, P., Serra-Payá, N., Garnacho-Castaño, M. V., Faundez-Zanuy, M., Serra-Prat, M., Palomera, E., & Girabent-Farrés, M. (2025). Desenvolvimento e validação do Questionário de Atividade Física para Adultos com 65 ou Mais Anos (PAQ-EA): Uma ferramenta de Avaliação Abrangente. Retos, 74, 96-108. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v74.116558