Influence of school and home on motor proficiency of students: Interaction of environmental and socioeconomic factors
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v80.116999Keywords:
Motor proficiency, school, family, EnvironmentAbstract
Introduction: During the development process, children are influenced by an extensive social support network, in which favorable contexts provide better affordance scenarios and, consequently, have greater potential to promote the development of children's motor proficiency.
Objective: This study analyzed the influence of school and home environments on the motor proficiency of schoolchildren aged 6 to 10 years.
Methods: The short version of the BOT-2 instrument was used to assess the students' motor proficiency. The home environment was assessed using the HOME inventory, while the quality of the school environment was measured using the SACERS scale, and the socioeconomic classification followed the ABEP criteria. Statistical analyses included the Mann-Whitney test and estimates of the adjusted linear mixed model.
Results: The results indicated that the motor proficiency of boys was, on average, 1.55 points higher than that of girls. Children from socioeconomic classes A and B1 showed greater motor proficiency compared to those from lower classes. It was also observed that, for each additional year in maternal age, there was an average decline of 0.14 units in the children's motor development. In addition, school furniture showed a significant impact, with increases in this aspect resulting in better motor proficiency.
Conclusion: It was concluded that boys' motor proficiency is higher than that of girls. The positive factors in the home environment were teaching materials and family integration. Negative factors were the mother's older age and excessive encouragement of the child's maturity. In the school environment, the affordances of the furniture space impacted the students' motor proficiency, and families from higher social classes provide better quality affordances in both the home and school environments.
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