Adaptation, validation, and reliability of the Revised Athletic Hardiness Scale (RAHS): testing in the context of Indonesian sports students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v76.117928Keywords:
Language adaptation, RAHS, reliability, sports students, validityAbstract
Introduction: Hardiness is a frequently studied psychological concept, but in the context of sports, there have been few studies, particularly on testing instruments that encapsulate this construct.
Objective: To adapt the language and test the validity and reliability of the Revised Athletic Hardiness Scale (RAHS) in the context of Indonesian sports students.
Methodology: A total of 189 sports students participated in this study: 135 (71.43%) were male and 54 (28.57%) were female. The sports students ranged in age from 18 to 22, with an average age of 19.48 (± 0.879). In addition to the RAHS, two other standardized instruments, MTI and SWLS, were used to test validity.
Results: The CFA test results showed a good fit with the data, with a chi-square (χ2) value of 89.910 (p < 0.001), CFI = 0.936, TLI = 0.914, RMSEA = 0.080, and SRMR = 0.048. RAHSid correlated significantly with MTI (p < 0.001) and did not correlate significantly with SWLS (p > 0.05). RAHSid had high reliability, both in McDonald's omega (α) and Cronbach's alpha (α), with reliability values ranging from 0.723 to 0.840 for each dimension.
Discussion: The Indonesian version of RAHSid consists of 11 items, differing from the original version, which had 12. However, psychometrically, RAHSid is a three-factor model consisting of commitment, control, and challenge, confirming the original version.
Conclusions: RAHSid is a valid and reliable instrument in revealing hardiness, so that the instrument can be used to reveal hardiness in the Indonesian context, especially for sports students.
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