Un modelo Rasch análisis del potencial de liderazgo entre los jóvenes atletas de Indonesia

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v80.118869

Palabras clave:

Potencial de liderazgo, jóvenes atletas, Modelo Rasch, liderazgo deportivo, validación psicométrica

Resumen

Introducción: El liderazgo en el deporte contemporáneo se entendía como una capacidad psicosocial que configuraba la dinámica del equipo y el desarrollo a largo plazo de los atletas. Sin embargo, el mapeo empírico del potencial de liderazgo entre los atletas jóvenes en contextos en desarrollo seguía siendo limitado.

Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio era analizar y mapear el potencial de liderazgo de los atletas jóvenes en Indonesia utilizando un enfoque de medición Rasch, examinando su estructura y diferencias en función del género, las actividades de liderazgo y el interés organizativo.

Metodología: Se empleó un diseño cuantitativo transversal con 642 atletas universitarios de entre 17 y 20 años. La Escala de Potencial de Liderazgo Juvenil, que consta de 23 ítems de tipo Likert, se adaptó al indonesio y se administró en línea. Los datos se analizaron utilizando el modelo de Rasch para evaluar el ajuste de los ítems, la fiabilidad, la dimensionalidad y la distribución persona-ítem.

Resultados: Los resultados indicaron excelentes propiedades psicométricas, con una fiabilidad de la persona de 0,92, una fiabilidad de los ítems de 1,00 y una consistencia interna de 0,93. La escala demostró una gran precisión de medición y unidimensionalidad. El ítem más difícil fue el relativo al mantenimiento de la concentración bajo presión, mientras que el más fácil fue el relativo al conocimiento conceptual de las funciones de liderazgo. Las diferencias de género no fueron sustanciales. Un mayor potencial de liderazgo se asoció con la experiencia previa en organizaciones, el desempeño de puestos de liderazgo y un gran interés en las organizaciones del campus.

Discusión: Estos hallazgos coinciden con las perspectivas contemporáneas que enfatizan el aprendizaje experiencial y el liderazgo compartido, en lugar de los supuestos basados en el género. El potencial de liderazgo parecía desarrollarse a través de la participación activa en actividades organizativas y de liderazgo, en consonancia con las investigaciones que destacan el papel de la participación social y la preparación psicológica en la formación de la capacidad de liderazgo.

Conclusiones: El potencial de liderazgo entre los jóvenes deportistas era un constructo dinámico moldeado más por la participación experiencial que por el género. Un ecosistema de desarrollo inclusivo y basado en la experiencia es esencial para cultivar líderes jóvenes adaptables y resilientes en el deporte y la educación superior.

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22-04-2026

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Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

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Ariyanto, R. D., Soejanto, L. T., Andrianie, S., Bariyyah, K., Setyorini, S., Rosida, W., Wulandari, A., & Krismona, E. B. (2026). Un modelo Rasch análisis del potencial de liderazgo entre los jóvenes atletas de Indonesia. Retos, 80, 114-129. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v80.118869