Ecosistema de seguimiento móvil sobre compromiso motor y rendimiento físico: ensayo aleatorizado por conglomerados
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v81.119074Palabras clave:
Actividad física adolescente, aplicaciones móviles, compromiso motor, educación física, ensayo controlado aleatorizadoResumen
Introducción: La inactividad física adolescente constituye un reto de salud pública, especialmente en contextos norteafricanos con infraestructura extraescolar limitada.
Objetivo: Este estudio examinó los efectos de un ecosistema multicomponente de seguimiento móvil sobre el compromiso motor y el rendimiento físico en estudiantes marroquíes de secundaria.
Metodología: Ensayo controlado aleatorizado por conglomerados (N = 295; 59% mujeres; M edad = 16.99 ± 0.82 años; 5 clases experimentales n = 161; 4 clases control n = 134; 12 semanas). La intervención combinó aplicaciones gratuitas (Strava, Google Fit), redes de apoyo entre pares (WhatsApp) y sesiones autónomas comunitarias. El compromiso motor se evaluó mediante ALT-PE (κ ≥ .78); el rendimiento físico mediante los tests de Luc Léger, Ruffier-Dickson y Killy.
Resultados: El compromiso motor apropiado aumentó +21.9 puntos porcentuales en el grupo experimental (48.7% - 70.5%; d_z = 6.54, p < .001). El rendimiento físico mejoró: Luc Léger +1.54 paliers (+25.7%), Killy +26.3 s (+21.7%), Ruffier-Dickson −1.05 puntos (−27.4%). No se encontraron correlaciones significativas entre compromiso y condición física (todas p > .26). Discusión: Los efectos superaron los parámetros habituales. La ausencia de moderación socioeconómica confirmó el potencial equitativo de la pedagogía de emparejamiento entre pares.
Conclusiones: Un ecosistema de seguimiento móvil de bajo coste mejora el compromiso motor y la condición física de forma equitativa entre estratos socioeconómicos.
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