Análise acústica da intensidade vocal e dos processos de tomada de decisão na arbitragem de ténis de mesa a nível nacional: um estudo de métodos mistos

Autores

  • Nathapol Thongthanapat Thailand National Sports University Yala Campus

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v78.118493

Palavras-chave:

Gestão de jogos, métodos mistos, ténis de mesa, arbitragem desportiva, intensidade vocal

Resumo

Introdução: A Federação Internacional de Ténis de Superfície exige que os árbitros façam chamadas "altas e claras"; no entanto, este requisito permanece qualitativamente abstrato sem métricas acústicas empíricas.

Objectivo: Este estudo teve como objectivo quantificar a intensidade vocal da chamada "fora" entre árbitros de nível nacional e elucidar a lógica cognitiva subjacente às suas modulações vocais.

Metodologia: Foi empregue um desenho sequencial explicativo de métodos mistos (QUAN → QUAL). Quinze árbitros de nível nacional (n = 15) participaram numa simulação de campo controlada num campo de ténis de superfície regulamentar. A intensidade vocal (dBA) foi medida através de um sonómetro de Classe 2 em três condições: Adequada (Linha de Base), Baixa e Alta. Posteriormente, foram realizadas entrevistas de recordação estimulada com uma subamostra (n = 6) para explorar os processos de tomada de decisão.

Resultados: A análise quantitativa revelou uma hierarquia significativa na produção vocal, F(2, 28) = 53,891, p < 0,001, ( = 0,794). Os cantos de alta intensidade atingiram a média mais elevada (103,83 ± 5,54 dB), enquanto os cantos de baixa intensidade (93,69 ± 3,39 dB) foram significativamente mais pequenos do que o valor inicial (98,33 ± 4,23 dB).

Discussão: Os resultados sugerem que a intensidade vocal não é um requisito físico estático, mas sim uma ferramenta estratégica dinâmica. A alta intensidade serve como "barreira psicológica" para a gestão de conflitos, enquanto a baixa intensidade reflete "etiqueta social" e empatia durante erros óbvios.

Conclusões: Os árbitros modulam as suas vozes com base nas exigências situacionais. Estes resultados transformam os padrões de arbitragem de mandatos abstratos em referências acústicas mensuráveis, defendendo a integração da competência vocal nos programas de certificação de árbitros.

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Publicado

01-05-2026

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Artigos de caráter científico: trabalhos de pesquisas básicas e/ou aplicadas.

Como Citar

Thongthanapat, N. (2026). Análise acústica da intensidade vocal e dos processos de tomada de decisão na arbitragem de ténis de mesa a nível nacional: um estudo de métodos mistos. Retos, 78, 295-304. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v78.118493