Protocolo y estudio de viabilidad de un programa de descansos activos en el aula universitaria

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v66.111669

Palabras clave:

Actividad física, educación superior, fatiga mental, motivación, pausas activas, rendimiento cognitivo, sedentarismo

Resumen

Introducción: Los descansos activos, que consisten en realizar breves pausas de ejercicio en el aula, representan una herramienta efectiva para reducir el sedentarismo de los jóvenes. Además, pueden mejorar el interés, la motivación y el rendimiento cognitivo del alumnado. Sin embargo, son pocos los estudios que han evaluado la viabilidad y aceptación de programas de descansos activos específicamente en estudiantes universitarios.

Objetivo: Evaluar la aceptación, idoneidad y viabilidad de un programa de descansos activos implementado en estudiantes universitarios.

Metodología: Diseño cuasiexperimental contrabalanceado de dos brazos de intervención. Participaron 96 estudiantes universitarios (26.4% mujeres). La intervención consistió en realizar un descanso activo de 5 minutos a mitad de la clase durante 10 semanas consecutivas. De forma aleatoria, las sesiones combinaron la realización o no de los descansos activos.

Resultados: Se completaron 753 registros, 434 (57.6%) incluyeron descansos activos y 319 (42.4%) no los realizaron. Según el alumnado, los descansos activos fueron interesantes (X̅ 3.94, Desviación Estándar 1.17, sobre 5 puntos); sirvieron para reactivarse (3.96; 1.21); mejoraron la atención y concentración (3.80; 1.16); el ambiente del aula (3.92; 1.08) y el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje (3.76;1.29); además expresaron su interés en repetirlos (3.92;1.23).

Conclusiones: Los estudiantes consideraron que los descansos activos son viables y factibles para su implementación en el aula universitaria. Asimismo, destacaron mejoras en su concentración, atención y clima de aula. Estos hallazgos son particularmente relevantes para educadores, investigadores e instituciones que buscan reducir eficazmente el sedentarismo y mejorar el rendimiento académico en el ámbito universitario.

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Publicado

2025-02-28

Cómo citar

Vidal-Conti, J., García-Taibo, O., & Galmés-Panadés, A. M. (2025). Protocolo y estudio de viabilidad de un programa de descansos activos en el aula universitaria . Retos, 66, 171–181. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v66.111669

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