Effect of muscle coactivation on running economy in trained distance runners
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v74.117355Keywords:
biomechanics, coactivation muscle, Electromyography, running economy, runningAbstract
Introduction: Muscle coactivation is a key factor in running economy.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between muscle coactivation and running economy in trained distance runners.
Methods: Twelve trained runners (age: 32.1 ± 4.7 years) completed two treadmill running tests at speeds of 12 km/h and 20 km/h, each lasting 5 minutes. Gas exchange data and electromyographic activity of lower limb muscles were recorded during the tests. Coactivation indices were calculated for the following muscle pairs: rectus femoris/biceps femoris, rectus femoris/gastrocnemius, rectus femoris/gluteus medius, tibialis anterior/gastrocnemius, and tibialis anterior/peroneus longus. These were evaluated during the last 100 ms of the swing phase and the first 50 ms of the initial stance phase. Associations between variables were analyzed using Spearman’s correlation. Significant correlations were considered at p < 0.05.
Results: A significant inverse correlation was observed during the stance phase between rectus femoris/medial gastrocnemius coactivation and energy cost (r = –0.599, p = 0.043). Likewise, a significant inverse correlation was found between peak activation of the biceps femoris and energy demand (r = –0.629, p = 0.031). Both correlations were observed at 20 km/h.
Conclusion: Coactivation and peak activation of biarticular muscles (rectus femoris, gastrocnemius, and biceps femoris) were associated with energy cost. These findings may represent a neuromechanical strategy that enhances energy transfer between lower limb joints, thereby improving running economy in trained distance runners.
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