High-intensity interval training in type 1 diabetes mellitus: systematic review of randomized clinical trials
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v81.119038Keywords:
cardiorespiratory fitness, endocrine system diseases, high-intensity interval training, meta analysisAbstract
Introduction: Patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) may experience reduced cardiorespiratory capacity and impaired metabolic variables. As an adjunct, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) may be a viable and safe option, capable of influencing relevant outcomes and potential risk factors for this population.
Objective: To systematically review the effects of HIIT in T1DM, compared to a control group or moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), on the outcomes of cardiorespiratory fitness, glycemic profile, lipid profile, body composition, and blood pressure.
Methodology: Searches were conducted in the MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, PEDro, and SPORTDiscus databases, and studies published up to February 2025 were considered. The meta-analysis was conducted using random-effects models and presented as mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results: Five hundred and ninety studies were identified, and after selection, four studies remained for analysis. HIIT increased oxygen consumption (VO2) by 3.62 ml/kg/min (95% CI 1.01, 6.23) when compared to the control group. There was no difference in the comparison between HIIT and MICT (MD 2.06 ml/kg/min, 95% CI -0.90, 5.01). Compared to the control group, HIIT showed no differences in the other outcomes.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that HIIT is a potential tool for improving cardiorespiratory fitness and demonstrating effects similar to MICT in individuals with T1DM.
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